Immobility reactions under threat : a contribution to human defensive cascade and PTSD.
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2017
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Resumo
Violence exacts a burden on public health. Gun violence is a major trigger for motor defensive reactions
in humans and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is its main psychiatric sequela. However, studies
of the human defensive cascade, especially the motor reactions, are at an early stage. This review
focuses on studies that employ stabilometry, a methodology that assesses whole body motor reactions,
to address defensive behaviors to violence-related threats. Special attention is given to three reactions:
“attentive immobility”, “immobility under attack” and “tonic immobility”, with emphasis on the latter –
a peritraumatic reaction which has been strongly associated with the severity of PTSD. These reactions
are characterized by reduced body sway and bradycardia, except tonic immobility that presents robust
tachycardia. The advances made by investigations into the immobility reactions of the human defensive
cascade contribute to helping to bridge the gap between human and non-human species. Furthermore,
progresses in basic research to objectively monitor motor defensive reactions under threat can help to
develop a dimensional, trans-diagnostic approach to PTSD.
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Stabilometry, Posture, Body sway, Heart rate, Motor reaction
Citação
VOLCHAN, E. et al. Immobility reactions under threat: a contribution to human defensive cascade and PTSD. Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews, v. 76, p. 29-38, 2017. Disponível em: <http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0149763416305073?via%3Dihub>. Acesso em: 15 set. 2017.