Distribution of genetic elements associated with antibiotic resistance in treated and untreated animal husbandry waste and wastewater.
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2021
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Animal breeding for meat production based on swine, cattle, poultry, and aquaculture is an activity that generates several impacts
on the environment, among them the spread of antibiotic resistance. There is a worldwide concern related to the massive use of
antibiotics, which causes selective pressure on the microbial community, triggering bacteria that contain “antibiotic resistance
genes.” According to the survey here presented, antibiotic resistance-related genes such as tetracyclines (tet), erythromycin (erm),
and sulfonamides (sul), as well as the genetic mobile element interferon (int), are the most reported genetic elements in qualitative
and quantitative studies of swine, cattle, poultry, and aquaculture manure/wastewater. It has been observed that biological
treatments based on waste composting and anaerobic digestion are effective in ARG removal, particularly for tet, bla, erm,
and qnr (quinolone) genes. On the other hand, sul and intI genes were more persistent in such treatments. Tertiary treatments,
such advanced oxidative processes, are suitable strategies to improve ARG reduction. In general temperature, hydraulic retention
time, and penetration of sunlight are the main operational parameters for ARG reduction in treatments applied to animal waste,
and therefore attention should be addressed to optimize their efficacy regarding ARG removal. Despite being reduced, the
presence of ARG in treated effluents and in biosolids indicates that there is a potential risk of antibiotic resistance spread in
nature, especially through the release of treated livestock waste into the environment.
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Palavras-chave
Livestock, Horizontal gene transfer, Relative abundance of genes, ARG reduction
Citação
PEREIRA, A. R. et al. Distribution of genetic elements associated with antibiotic resistance in treated and untreated animal husbandry waste and wastewater. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, v. 28, p. 26380–26403, 2021. Disponível em: <https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11356-021-13784-y>. Acesso em: 11 out. 2022.