Are women’s empowerment and income inequality associated with excess weight in Latin American Cities?
Nenhuma Miniatura disponível
Data
2022
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Resumo
While income gradients and gender inequalities in excess weight have been noted elsewhere,
data from Latin American cities is lacking. We analyzed gender-specifc associations between city-level
women’s empowerment and income inequality with
individual-level overweight/obesity, assessing how
these associations vary by individual education or living conditions within cities in Latin America. Data
came from national surveys and censuses, and was
compiled by the SALURBAL project (Urban Health
in Latin America). The sample included 79,422 individuals (58.0% women), living in 538 sub-cities,
187 cities, and 8 countries. We used gender-stratifed
Poisson multilevel models to estimate the Prevalence
Rate Ratios (PRR) for overweight/obesity (body mass
index≥25 kg/m2
) per a unit change in city-level women’s empowerment (proxied by a score that measures
gender inequalities in employment and education)
and income inequality (proxied by income-based
Gini coefcient). We also tested whether individual
education or sub-city living conditions modifed such
associations. Higher city labor women’s empowerment (in women) and higher city Gini coefcient
(in men) were associated with a lower prevalence of
overweight/obesity (PRR=0.97 (95%CI 0.94, 0.99)
and PRR=0.94 (95%CI 0.90, 0.97), respectively). The associations varied by individual education and sub-city living conditions. For labor women’s
empowerment, we observed weakened associations
towards the null efect in women with lower education and in residents of sub-cities with worse living
conditions (men and women). For the Gini coefcient, the association was stronger among men with
primary education, and a negative association was
observed in women with primary education. Our fndings highlight the need for promoting equity-based
policies and interventions to tackle the high prevalence of excess weight in Latin American cities.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Women’s empowerment, Income inequality, Overweight, Obesity, Cities
Citação
TUMAS, N. et al. Are women’s empowerment and income inequality associated with excess weight in Latin American Cities? Journal of Urban Health-Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine, v. 99, p. 1091-1103, 2022. Disponível em: <https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11524-022-00689-5>. Acesso em: 01 ago. 2023.