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Item FE prediction of bearing capacity over reinforced soil.(2007) Nogueira, Christianne de Lyra; Oliveira, Rodrigo Rodrigues Vieira de; Araújo, Luiz Gonzaga de; Faria, Patrícia de Oliveira; Zornberg, Jorge GabrielThis paper presents the numerical simulation using an elastoplastic analysis of the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. The problem involves axisymmetric conditions on reinforced soil using finite element method (FEM). The foundation soil is modeled as a nonassociative elastoplastic Mohr-Coulomb material. The reinforcement is modeled as a linear elastic material. The ultimate bearing capacity obtained in this study is compared to solutions obtained using limit equilibrium and limit analysis. A parametric study was conducted for different configurations of reinforcement for a special case of frictionless foundation soil. The numerical results show good agreement with analytical results indicating the suitability of the numerical model used in this study and implemented into the code ANLOG - Non-Linear Analysis of Geotechnical Problems.Item Isotropic work softening model for frictional geomaterials : development based on lade and kim constitutive soil model.(2008) Yang, Kuo Hsin; Nogueira, Christianne de Lyra; Zornberg, Jorge GabrielAn isotropic softening model for predicting the post-peak behavior of frictional geomaterials is presented. The proposed softening model is a function of plastic work which can include all possible stress-strain combinations. The development of softening model is based on the Lade and Kim constitutive soil model but improves previous work by characterizing the size of decaying yield surface more realistically by assuming an inverse sigmoid function. Compared to original softening model using the exponential decay function, the benefits of using the inverse sigmoid function are highlighted as: (1) provide a smoother transition from hardening to softening occurring at the peak strength point, and (2) limit the decrease of yield surface at a residual yield surface, which is a minimum size of yield surface during softening. The proposed softening model requires three parameters; each parameter has it own physical meaning and can be easily calibrated by a triaxial compression test. Data from triaxial compression testing on Monterey No. 30 sand is applied to demonstrate the calibration procedure and examine the variation of model parameters with different loading conditions. Results show all parameters are highly correlated to confining pressures. The proposed softening model can provide a useful tool for evaluating those structures on which the post-peak behavior of frictional materials should be emphasized, e.g. earth structures under large loading or deformation conditions or the structures having an intensive soilstructures interaction, etc.Item Moisture migration in geogrid reinforced expansive subgrades.(2008) Gupta, R.; McCartney, John S.; Nogueira, Christianne de Lyra; Zornberg, Jorge GabrielHighways in Texas, Arkansas, Colorado, Wyoming and other parts of the United States are often constructed atop expansive clay subgrades. Considerable damage to flexible pavements has been observed in these areas in the form of longitudinal cracking. A geogrid placed between the subgrade and base layers has been used successfully in Texas as a stabilization alternative to prevent longitudinal cracking, although the mechanism of geogrid reinforcement is not well understood. This study involves measurement of the time variation in water content of an expansive clay subgrade beneath a flexible pavement to investigate if differential volume changes in the subgrade are a cause of longitudinal cracking. Two years of moisture monitoring and visual observations indicate that significant moisture fluctuations occur in the clay subgrade under the unpaved shoulder of the road, while negligible moisture fluctuations occur in the clay subgrade under the pavement. This contrast in water content changes between the shoulder and pavement indicates that both bending and stretching of the subgrade are probable causes of longitudinal cracks.